报告题目：Regulating the activity of a centrifugal modulatory neuron across olfactory regions
报告人：张小南 University of Maryland Ph.D
报告时间：2018年5月3日（周四）12:30-14:30
报告地点：8797威尼斯老品牌东十一楼221会议室
报告人简介：
杜向军, 中山大学公共卫生学院（深圳）教授，博士生导师。2018入选第十四批中组部“计划”青年项目。2005年8797威尼斯老品牌物理系本科毕业，2010年中科院生物物理所生物信息学博士毕业，之后在美国国立卫生院生物信息学中心（NCBI）、密歇根大学以及芝加哥大学生态进化系从事计算系统生物学研究，在运用学科交叉方法解决与公共卫生相关的传染病研究方面有着丰富的经验，代表性成果包括基于序列信息的季节性流感快速准确的抗原监测、疫苗株推荐、动力学模拟以及流行强度提前预测等。实验室侧重通过计算系统生物学的方法，综合运用数据分析以及理论建模等手段，定量的研究多种相关因素与传染病的产生、演化、传播以及致病的关系，揭示其背后的生物学机制，指导传染病日常监测、防控与治疗。
季节性流感预测预警
季节性流感每年都造成大量感染甚至死亡。如果我们能够提前预测预警接下来可能流行的流感毒株以及可能造成的流行强度，将为我们使用正确的疫苗，储备资源，提前做好准备提供帮助。现有的季节性流感实验监测手段费时费力不够灵敏，导致疫苗株推荐滞后，进而影响保护效果，而基于快速测序的方法在弥补现有方法不足方面有很大的潜力。基于序列，我们可以对积极性流感进行更及时有效的抗原监测，协助推荐更有针对性的疫苗株。利用来自序列的演化信息，结合传染病理论动力学模型，我们也可以模拟捕捉季节性流感在人群的流行动态，并用于对未来流行强度预测。针对美国，我们已经连续两年准确预测季节性流感的流行趋势。充分利用序列信息，融合病毒演化、气候环境以及宿主人群的知识，是传染病的系统解析与防治趋势所向。
张小南：
南京大学 生理学 本科 2003-2007
中科院生物物理研究所 神经生物学 博士 2007-2013
研究经历
Research Associate University of Maryland 研究课题： 嗅觉环路的神经调制机制 2014-present
博士研究生 中科院生物物理研究所，中科院神经所 导师: 郭爱克院士
研究课题: 高阶视觉信号处理以及跨模态记忆提取机制 2007-2013
荣誉
第五届全球感官论坛恒源祥英才奖 2013
人民奖学金一等奖 2004
全国大学生数学建模大赛三等奖 2004
发表论文
Zhang X, Coates KE, Majot AT, Gaudry Q, Dacks AM, Gunay C. (2018) Spatial modulation of a serotonergic neuron in the olfactory system of Drosophila.In Preparation.
Zhang X, Gaudry Q (2018) Examining Monosynaptic Connections in Drosophila Using Tetrodotoxin Resistant Sodium Channels. JoVE. In Press
Coates KE, Majot AT, Zhang X, Michael CT, Spitzer SL, Gaudry Q, Dacks AM.(2017) Identified serotonergic modulatory neurons have heterogeneous synaptic connectivity within the olfactory system of Drosophila. J Neurosci 37(31):7318-31.
Zhang X, Gaudry Q (2016) Functional integration of a serotonergic neuron in the Drosophila antennal lobe. eLife 5:e16836
Zhang X*, Liu H*, Lei Z, Wu Z, Guo A (2013) Lobula-specific visual projection neurons are involved in perception of motion-defined second-order motion in Drosophila. J Exp Biol 216:524-534
Zhang X, Ren Q, Guo A. (2013) Parallel pathways for cross-modal memory retrieval in Drosophila. J Neurosci 33(20):8784-93.
报告内容摘要：
Serotonin (5-HT) is a ubiquitous neuromodulator that is found throughout phylogeny where it alters sensory, motor and cognitive function. In mammals, serotonergic cells reside in the raphe nucleus and project in a centrifugal manner to a broad range of targets including most of the cerebral cortex and sensory structures including the olfactory bulb. Serotonin modulates olfactory processing and impacts olfactory- mediated behaviors. How serotonin modulates different olfactory areas, and whether the same serotonergic neuron can serve different functions across its dendritic arbors remains unknown. To address these issues, we are using the Drosophila olfactory system, which possesses a single serotonergic cell (the CSDn) that innervates second and third order olfactory areas. Previous work from our lab showed that these neurons have pre- and post-synaptic molecular markers in each dendritic branch suggesting they may have the capacity to operate independently. Here, we performed in vivo two-photon imaging on CSDn neurites in a fast volume-scanning pattern and presented odors to map the receptive fields of the CSD neurons. In the first olfactory relay (antennal lobe), CSDn dendrites are inhibited in an odor independent manner. All odors inhibit the CSDn with the same spatial pattern and individual odors simply scale this pattern up or down. In third order olfactory areas (lateral horn), CSDn dendrites are excited with an odor-specific spatial pattern. These results imply that the CSDn may modulate the olfactory circuits in the AL in a general way, but modulate olfactory channels more specifically in the LH. By isolating the CSDn's neurites in the LH from AL, we further demonstrated that the inhibition input in the AL may play a gain control role the reciprocal connection and functional modulation in the LH.
